Aug 23, 2019 18:42
4 yrs ago
3 viewers *
Spanish term
fase de neutralización
Spanish to English
Law/Patents
Law (general)
Denuncia de secuestro ante la Fiscalía contra el Crimen Organizado
This is a heading in a report of a kidnapping in Guatemala.
ASUNTO: Informe preliminar relacionado al posible plagio o secuestro de XXX...
I. SINOPSIS DEL CASO
(Details relating to the case, the reporting party and victim).
II. **FASE DE NEUTRALIZACIÓN**
- HECHOS:
(Describes what happened and the phone calls between the kidnappers and the victim's wife)
- REQUERIMIENTO:
(Requests that incoming and outgoing calls between the telephone numbers be intercepted and examined as evidence)
Surprised this hasn't already been asked as it's a heading in a legal report and I doubt I'm the first person to translate it. Can't find any references.
Into U.S. English.
ASUNTO: Informe preliminar relacionado al posible plagio o secuestro de XXX...
I. SINOPSIS DEL CASO
(Details relating to the case, the reporting party and victim).
II. **FASE DE NEUTRALIZACIÓN**
- HECHOS:
(Describes what happened and the phone calls between the kidnappers and the victim's wife)
- REQUERIMIENTO:
(Requests that incoming and outgoing calls between the telephone numbers be intercepted and examined as evidence)
Surprised this hasn't already been asked as it's a heading in a legal report and I doubt I'm the first person to translate it. Can't find any references.
Into U.S. English.
Proposed translations
(English)
| 4 | neutralization stage/steps of neutralization/phase of disarming |
Tanja Vernić
|
| 3 | (protection) shielding phase |
Adrian MM.
|
Proposed translations
2 days 20 hrs
Tanja Vernić
Croatia
Croatia
Specializes in field
Croatia
English, Spanish, Croatian, law, IT,
Native in: Croatian (Variants: standard, Bosnian)
Works in: Spanish to Croatian, English to Croatian, Croatian to Spanish, and 22 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
8
Selected
neutralization stage/steps of neutralization/phase of disarming
Reference:
https://glosbe.com/es/en/fase%20de%20neutralizaci%C3%B3n
https://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=spanish&query=fase+de+neutralizaci%C3%B3n
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "For future reference - and apologies for the delay - I went with "counteraction phase" in the end. Thanks to everyone for the references - but in this context, I don't think they apply (as per the references, "shielding" refers to protecting a victim from certain types of evidence, and Toni's reference regards stages in the victim's role throughout history). As Ael remarked, based on the content in my document, I came to the conclusion the meaning here is much left sophisticated. I avoided "neutralization" due to its use an euphemism for killing."
16 hrs
Adrian MM.
Austria
Austria
Native in English
Specializes in field
Austria
Retd.T&I, Barrister & Austro-Advokat
Native in: English (Variants: Scottish, British) 
Works in: Spanish to English, English to Spanish, French to English, and 5 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
586
(protection) shielding phase
I'm on an unfamiliar PC at the mo, so am afraid I can't post any refs.
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Note added at 1 day 13 hrs (2019-08-25 08:19:38 GMT)
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www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/rape-shield-laws-protecting...
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Note added at 1 day 13 hrs (2019-08-25 08:19:38 GMT)
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www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/rape-shield-laws-protecting...
Reference comments
48 mins
Reference:
Search for culpability?
Comparing with the theory of neutralisation, I think it’s this the answer
Regarding the visual differences between the conflicting marks, the court pointed out that they would in principle fall under the doctrine of “neutralization” as established by the General Court and the Court of Justice. -
According to the doctrine, existing aural similarities between two marks can be neutralized through obvious visual or conceptual differences, thereby excluding a likelihood of confusion. However, confirming its decision of April 21, 2009 - following
according to which it is sufficient that two marks are similar in merely one aspect—aurally, visually or conceptually. - following
I think the following theory doesn't have application hear:
Neutralization theory was developed as means for explaining how criminal offenders engage in rule-breaking activity while negating their culpability, or blame. - https://study.com/academy/lesson/neutralization-theory-in-cr...
Comparing with the theory of neutralisation, I think it’s this the answer
Regarding the visual differences between the conflicting marks, the court pointed out that they would in principle fall under the doctrine of “neutralization” as established by the General Court and the Court of Justice. -
According to the doctrine, existing aural similarities between two marks can be neutralized through obvious visual or conceptual differences, thereby excluding a likelihood of confusion. However, confirming its decision of April 21, 2009 - following
according to which it is sufficient that two marks are similar in merely one aspect—aurally, visually or conceptually. - following
I think the following theory doesn't have application hear:
Neutralization theory was developed as means for explaining how criminal offenders engage in rule-breaking activity while negating their culpability, or blame. - https://study.com/academy/lesson/neutralization-theory-in-cr...
Discussion
I think the meaning is far less sophisticated in this case, and merely refers to blocking or disabling the means by which a crime is being committed. The term “neutralizar” is very commonly used in that sense in Latin America. See, for example:
Dispara a través del parabrisas para neutralizar a delincuentes | Noticiero | Telemundo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl8pTvNIBDs
Una nueva ayuda para los GEOS; perros adiestrados para localizar y neutralizar delincuentes http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/programa/nueva-ayuda-para...
Más tecnología para neutralizar a los delincuentes
http://www.elnuevodia.com.co/nuevodia/opinion/editorial/4323...
La Policía Nacional neutraliza dos artefactos explosivos de la Guerra Civil en Teruel
https://www.elindependiente.com/tendencias/2019/08/06/polici...
Francotirador de la policía de Brasil neutraliza a un secuestrador de un autobús
https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/video
Las víctimas y el nuevo sistema procesal penal
Centro de Estudios de Justicia de las Américas (resumen)
(…)
El conflicto deja de ser un problema entre autor y víctima [= FIRST STAGE] pasando, en cambio, a constituir un problema entre infractor y autoridad [= SECOND STAGE]. (…). Así, se ha descrito este proceso como una “expropiación” (ver Maier) o “arrebatamiento”(ver Christie) del conflicto a la víctima de parte del Estado. Más radicalmente, se habla de un proceso de “neutralización” de la víctima, es decir, de su completa exclusión del sistema (ver Hassemer).
(…)
El Derecho penal estatal surge precisamente con la neutralización de la víctima. Dejando ahora a un lado la discusión de los historiadores del Derecho acerca de si el Derecho penal germánico constituye un precedente, o los inicios o algo bien distinto del Derecho penal estatal, lo que en cualquier caso está claro es que la condición para que pueda establecerse el Derecho penal es que la víctima sea excluida de su posición natural junto al delincuente.
http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=...
Según Garcia-Pablos (1988), el papel de la victima dentro del proceso penal, ha pasado por tres momentos [= THREE STAGES OR PHASES]: protagonismo, neutralización y redescubrimiento.
(…)
Posteriormente viene la neutralización, con la que nace el derecho penal de carácter público, orientado hacia el agresor y marginando o limitando el papel de víctima, quien aparece si acaso como un testigo más, con una serie de obligaciones y sin ningún derecho.
I doubt that "neutralization stage of the victim´s role" in criminal proceedings (or something between those lines) can be understood in English, but this is the meaning in my opinion.