idem：同前，同上。

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Note added at 32 mins (2008-11-25 04:33:55 GMT)
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举例5 （书中P119）
例句： The reactions at the anode and cathode are facilitated by a catalyst,
typically platinum。
别人的译文：阳极和阴极的反应利用催化剂，典型地用铂来加速。
作者的改译：阳极和阴极的反应利用催化剂来加速，常用的催化剂是铂。

本人评论：
typically副词肯定是修饰动词，原文typically platinum是省略用法，完整说法是typically facilitated by platinum。
楼主：typically是副词，这没错。但它不是修饰动词facilitated，而是修饰platinum。
给你另一个例句：
protect against fatal disease, notably diabetes.
这里的notably用法同typically。它是修饰diabetes，而不是修饰protect。

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Note added at 53 mins (2008-11-25 04:54:53 GMT)
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副词一般不修饰名词，但表示频率、强调、推测的副词可以放在名词的限定词前，修饰名词或句子。这些副词如：particularly, especially, originally, essentially, usually, commonly, generally, normally, probably, notably, ...
typically也属此用法！
http://linshuang.info/wiki/戴云托福语法

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Note added at 59 mins (2008-11-25 05:00:55 GMT)
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许多语法都有例外，而许多高级一点的考试考的不是标准用法，而是特殊用法。

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Note added at 2 hrs (2008-11-25 06:57:30 GMT)
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请问：The present invention relates to an end milling cutter with a front wavelike cutting edge made of hard alloy, particularly to a spiral end milling cutter来自何处？

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Note added at 2 hrs (2008-11-25 07:00:19 GMT)
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a spiral end milling cutter与前面的an end milling cutter 并列，或者说进一步细述an end milling cutter 。意思就是“特别是与a spiral end milling cutter 有关”或者“特别是涉及a spiral end milling cutter”。权当relates to的意思是“与...有关”或“涉及”。